fix: [card] 카드 상세 수정/저장 누락 필드 9개 보강

- 마이그레이션: card_type, alias, cvc_encrypted, payment_day, total_limit, used_amount, remaining_limit, is_manual, memo 컬럼 추가
- Card 모델: $fillable, $casts, $hidden 확장 + CVC 암호화/복호화 메서드 추가
- CardService: store(), update() 메서드에 9개 필드 처리 로직 추가
- StoreCardRequest, UpdateCardRequest: 9개 필드 검증 규칙 추가

database/migrations/2026_02_21_100000_add_detail_fields_to_cards_table.php

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+<?php
+
+use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;
+use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
+use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;
+
+return new class extends Migration
+{
+    /**
+     * Run the migrations.
+     */
+    public function up(): void
+    {
+        Schema::table('cards', function (Blueprint $table) {
+            $table->string('card_type', 50)->nullable()->after('card_company')->comment('카드 종류 (corporate_1, personal 등)');
+            $table->string('alias', 100)->nullable()->after('card_name')->comment('카드 별칭');
+            $table->text('cvc_encrypted')->nullable()->after('card_password_encrypted')->comment('암호화된 CVC/CVV');
+            $table->unsignedTinyInteger('payment_day')->nullable()->after('cvc_encrypted')->comment('결제일 (1-31)');
+            $table->decimal('total_limit', 15, 2)->nullable()->after('payment_day')->comment('총 한도');
+            $table->decimal('used_amount', 15, 2)->nullable()->after('total_limit')->comment('사용 금액');
+            $table->decimal('remaining_limit', 15, 2)->nullable()->after('used_amount')->comment('잔여 한도');
+            $table->boolean('is_manual')->default(false)->after('status')->comment('수기 등록 여부');
+            $table->text('memo')->nullable()->after('assigned_user_id')->comment('메모');
+        });
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Reverse the migrations.
+     */
+    public function down(): void
+    {
+        Schema::table('cards', function (Blueprint $table) {
+            $table->dropColumn([
+                'card_type',
+                'alias',
+                'cvc_encrypted',
+                'payment_day',
+                'total_limit',
+                'used_amount',
+                'remaining_limit',
+                'is_manual',
+                'memo',
+            ]);
+        });
+    }
+};