diff --git a/app/Http/Controllers/DocumentController.php b/app/Http/Controllers/DocumentController.php
index 6ab267cf..54af9593 100644
--- a/app/Http/Controllers/DocumentController.php
+++ b/app/Http/Controllers/DocumentController.php
@@ -290,7 +290,7 @@ private function resolveAndBackfillBasicFields(Document $document): void
         }
 
         // bf_ 레코드가 하나라도 있으면 이미 저장된 것 → skip
-        $existingBfCount = $document->data
+        $existingBfCount = ($document->data ?? collect())
             ->filter(fn ($d) => str_starts_with($d->field_key, 'bf_'))
             ->count();
         if ($existingBfCount > 0) {
diff --git a/resources/views/documents/show.blade.php b/resources/views/documents/show.blade.php
index e9802de4..a721f257 100644
--- a/resources/views/documents/show.blade.php
+++ b/resources/views/documents/show.blade.php
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 @section('title', '문서 상세')
 
 @section('content')
+    @php $docData = $document->data ?? collect(); @endphp
     <!-- 헤더 -->
     <div class="flex flex-col lg:flex-row lg:justify-between lg:items-center gap-4 mb-6">
         <div>
@@ -116,10 +117,10 @@ class="bg-gray-200 hover:bg-gray-300 text-gray-700 px-4 py-2 rounded-lg transiti
                     @foreach($document->template->basicFields as $field)
                         @php
                             $fieldKey = 'bf_' . $field->id;
-                            $fieldData = $document->data->where('field_key', $fieldKey)->first();
+                            $fieldData = $docData->where('field_key', $fieldKey)->first();
                             // 레거시 호환: bf_{label} 형식으로 저장된 데이터도 조회
                             if (!$fieldData) {
-                                $fieldData = $document->data->where('field_key', 'bf_' . $field->label)->first();
+                                $fieldData = $docData->where('field_key', 'bf_' . $field->label)->first();
                             }
                             $value = $fieldData?->field_value ?? '-';
                         @endphp
@@ -320,7 +321,7 @@ class="px-2 py-2 text-center text-xs font-medium text-gray-600 border border-gra
 
                 {{-- 작업 통계 (document_data에서 stats_ 조회) --}}
                 @php
-                    $statsData = $document->data->filter(fn($d) => str_starts_with($d->field_key, 'stats_'));
+                    $statsData = $docData->filter(fn($d) => str_starts_with($d->field_key, 'stats_'));
                     $statsMap = $statsData->pluck('field_value', 'field_key')->toArray();
                 @endphp
                 @if(!empty($statsMap))
@@ -384,7 +385,7 @@ class="px-2 py-2 text-center text-xs font-medium text-gray-600 border border-gra
 
             {{-- 비고 (document_data에서 remarks 조회) --}}
             @php
-                $remarksData = $document->data->where('field_key', 'remarks')->first();
+                $remarksData = $docData->where('field_key', 'remarks')->first();
             @endphp
             @if($remarksData && $remarksData->field_value)
             <div class="bg-white rounded-lg shadow-sm border border-gray-200 p-6">
@@ -413,9 +414,9 @@ class="px-2 py-2 text-center text-xs font-medium text-gray-600 border border-gra
                     @if($section->items->count() > 0 && $document->template->columns->count() > 0)
                     @php
                         // 데이터 조회 헬퍼: 정규화 형식 우선, 레거시 fallback
-                        $getData = function($sectionId, $colId, $rowIdx, $fieldKey) use ($document) {
+                        $getData = function($sectionId, $colId, $rowIdx, $fieldKey) use ($docData) {
                             // 1차: 정규화 형식 (section_id + column_id + row_index + field_key)
-                            $record = $document->data
+                            $record = $docData
                                 ->where('section_id', $sectionId)
                                 ->where('column_id', $colId)
                                 ->where('row_index', $rowIdx)
@@ -425,9 +426,9 @@ class="px-2 py-2 text-center text-xs font-medium text-gray-600 border border-gra
                         };
 
                         // 레거시 데이터 조회 헬퍼 (수입검사 호환: {itemId}_n{n}, {itemId}_result 등)
-                        $getLegacyData = function($itemId, $fieldKey) use ($document) {
-                            return $document->data->where('field_key', "{$itemId}_{$fieldKey}")->first()?->field_value
-                                ?? $document->data->where('field_key', $fieldKey)->first()?->field_value
+                        $getLegacyData = function($itemId, $fieldKey) use ($docData) {
+                            return $docData->where('field_key', "{$itemId}_{$fieldKey}")->first()?->field_value
+                                ?? $docData->where('field_key', $fieldKey)->first()?->field_value
                                 ?? '';
                         };
 
@@ -518,7 +519,7 @@ class="px-2 py-2 text-center text-xs font-medium text-gray-600 uppercase border
                                     // fallback: document_data의 max row_index + 1
                                     $rowCount = $workOrderItems->isNotEmpty()
                                         ? $workOrderItems->count()
-                                        : max(1, ($document->data->where('section_id', $section->id)->max('row_index') ?? 0) + 1);
+                                        : max(1, ($docData->where('section_id', $section->id)->max('row_index') ?? 0) + 1);
                                 @endphp
                                 @for($rowIndex = 0; $rowIndex < $rowCount; $rowIndex++)
                                 <tr class="hover:bg-gray-50">
@@ -620,7 +621,7 @@ class="px-2 py-2 text-center text-xs font-medium text-gray-600 uppercase border
                                             @php
                                                 $savedVal = $getData($section->id, $col->id, $rowIndex, 'value');
                                                 if (!$savedVal) {
-                                                    $rowJudgment = $document->data->where('field_key', 'row_judgment')->where('row_index', $rowIndex)->first()?->field_value ?? '';
+                                                    $rowJudgment = $docData->where('field_key', 'row_judgment')->where('row_index', $rowIndex)->first()?->field_value ?? '';
                                                     if (in_array(strtolower($rowJudgment), ['pass', 'ok', '적합'])) $savedVal = 'OK';
                                                     elseif (in_array(strtolower($rowJudgment), ['fail', 'ng', '부적합'])) $savedVal = 'NG';
                                                 }
@@ -684,7 +685,7 @@ class="px-2 py-2 text-center text-xs font-medium text-gray-600 uppercase border
                                                 @php
                                                     $savedVal = $getData($section->id, $col->id, $rowIndex, 'value');
                                                     if (!$savedVal) {
-                                                        $rowJudgment = $document->data->where('field_key', 'row_judgment')->where('row_index', $rowIndex)->first()?->field_value ?? '';
+                                                        $rowJudgment = $docData->where('field_key', 'row_judgment')->where('row_index', $rowIndex)->first()?->field_value ?? '';
                                                         if (in_array(strtolower($rowJudgment), ['pass', 'ok', '적합'])) $savedVal = 'OK';
                                                         elseif (in_array(strtolower($rowJudgment), ['fail', 'ng', '부적합'])) $savedVal = 'NG';
                                                     }
@@ -726,15 +727,15 @@ class="px-2 py-2 text-center text-xs font-medium text-gray-600 uppercase border
                     @if($loop->last)
                     @php
                         // React 형식: overall_result, remark (+ 레거시 호환: footer_judgement, footer_remark)
-                        $remarkVal = $document->data->where('field_key', 'remark')->first()?->field_value
-                            ?? $document->data->where('field_key', 'footer_remark')->first()?->field_value
+                        $remarkVal = $docData->where('field_key', 'remark')->first()?->field_value
+                            ?? $docData->where('field_key', 'footer_remark')->first()?->field_value
                             ?? '';
-                        $judgementVal = $document->data->where('field_key', 'overall_result')->first()?->field_value
-                            ?? $document->data->where('field_key', 'footer_judgement')->first()?->field_value
+                        $judgementVal = $docData->where('field_key', 'overall_result')->first()?->field_value
+                            ?? $docData->where('field_key', 'footer_judgement')->first()?->field_value
                             ?? '';
                         // fallback: overall_result 없으면 row_judgment에서 계산 (전체 행 수 대비 판정)
                         if (!$judgementVal) {
-                            $rowJudgments = $document->data->where('field_key', 'row_judgment')->pluck('field_value');
+                            $rowJudgments = $docData->where('field_key', 'row_judgment')->pluck('field_value');
                             if ($rowJudgments->isNotEmpty() && $rowJudgments->count() >= $rowCount) {
                                 $hasFail = $rowJudgments->contains(fn($v) => in_array(strtolower($v), ['fail', '부', '부적합', '불합격']));
                                 $allPass = $rowJudgments->every(fn($v) => in_array(strtolower($v), ['pass', '적', '적합', '합격']));